Or, the Alpha Centauri system is the closest to Sol, but what’s the closest to Alpha Centauri? This is also sort of “what does the night sky look like from a nearby star system?”, though that can get very messy very quickly. (Hence my not dealing with RA&Dec. Also most of these objects are quite faint.)
Using the 10 parsec sample, (raw data available at CDS) and converting the spherical coordinates into rectangular, and then doing offsets, I get:
The nearest stars and brown dwarfs to Alpha Cen A:
| Name |
Distance (pc) |
Type |
| Luhman 16 |
1.091 |
L7.5 + T0.5 (brown dwarfs) |
| Sol |
1.346 |
G2V (yellow dwarf) |
| Barnard’s Star |
1.990 |
M3.5V (red dwarf) |
| WISEA J085510.74-071442.5 |
2.475 |
Y4 (brown dwarf) |
| V1216 Sgr (Ross 154) |
2.489 |
M3.5V (red dwarf) |
The nearest stars and brown dwarfs to Luhman 16 (a brown dwarf binary):
| Name |
Distance (pc) |
Type |
| Alpha Cen A |
1.091 |
G2V (yellow dwarf) |
| WISEA J085510.74-071442.5 |
1.875 |
Y4 (brown dwarf) |
| Sol |
1.994 |
G2V (yellow dwarf) |
| DENIS J104814.6-395606 |
2.155 |
M9V (Red dwarf) |
| Wolf 359 |
2.241 |
M6V (Red dwarf) |
The nearest stars and brown dwarfs to Barnard’s Star:
| Name |
Distance (pc) |
Type |
| V1216 Sgr (Ross 154) |
1.702 |
M3.5V (red dwarf) |
| Sol |
1.828 |
G2V (yellow dwarf) |
| Alpha Cen |
1.990 |
G2V (yellow dwarf) |
| V2306 Oph (Wolf 1061) |
2.823 |
M3V (red dwarf) |
| 61 Cyg A |
2.858 |
K5V |
The nearest stars and brown dwarfs to WISEA J085510.74-071442.5 (Generally considered the first Y-dwarf to be found)
| Name |
Distance (pc) |
Type |
| Wolf 359 |
1.354 |
M6V (Red dwarf) |
| Sirius A |
1.442 |
A1V |
| Procyon A |
1.662 |
F5IV-V |
| Luhman 16 |
1.875 |
L7.5 + T0.5 (brown dwarfs) |
| Luyten’s Star (Gj 273) |
1.978 |
M3.5V (red dwarf) |
The nearest stars and brown dwarfs to Wolf 359:
| Name |
Distance (pc) |
Type |
| FI Vir (Ross 128) |
1.197 |
M4V (red dwarf) |
| HD 95735 |
1.247 |
M1.5V (red dwarf) |
| WISEA J085510.74-071442.5 |
1.354 |
Y4 (brown dwarf) |
| Luhman 16 |
2.241 |
L7.5 + T0.5 (brown dwarfs) |
| DX Cancri |
2.327 |
M6.5V (Red dwarf) |
If you prefer something more map-related, nyrath has a number of good resources.